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Do baboons have a specific leader and how is dominance established?
In a large troop there is more than one dominant male, but there is always a supreme leader. Smaller troops usually have a single dominant individual. Strict hierarchical order is maintained. Occasionally fierce fights for dominance or leadership occur, and maintaining or achieving dominance depends largely on bluff and intimidation, something at which baboons excel.
Often a dominant male will intimidate others by a show of bravado, which may include gaining higher ground, making his hair stand on end to make him appear bigger and stronger, and chasing lesser members of the troop around. This behaviour is usually accompanied by grunts and barks meant to frighten lesser members of the troop and potential rivals. Acts of intimidation also include running around barking and breaking branches off trees and shrubs.
All males outrank females